Red Train of the Bernina
The most spectacular panoramic journey in the Alps
The Red Train of the Bernina, or Bernina Express, is much more than just a railway connection between Italy and Switzerland: it is an experience that takes you through spectacular landscapes, among valleys, glaciers, and alpine lakes, on one of the highest railway routes in Europe.
Since 2008, it has been a UNESCO World Heritage site, recognized as a masterpiece of railway engineering integrated into nature.
📚 History of the Red Train
The railway line Tirano - St. Moritz was inaugurated in 1910, after six years of challenging work.
From the very beginning, the project was considered visionary: overcoming a height difference of over 1,800 meters without a rack, relying solely on the adhesion of the wheels.
Built by the company Bernina Bahn, it was electrified from the start, an incredible innovation for its time.
In 1943, management passed to the RhB (Rhätische Bahn).
📍 The route: from Tirano to St. Moritz
The section measures 61 km, crosses 55 tunnels and 196 bridges and viaducts, passing through:
- Tirano (429 m): Italian starting point, next to the Sanctuary of the Madonna di Tirano.
- Brusio: with the famous Helicoidal Viaduct.
- Poschiavo: an authentic and fascinating Swiss village.
- Alp Grüm (2,091 m): panoramic station on the Palü glacier.
- Ospizio Bernina (2,253 m): the highest point of the railway, next to the alpine lakes.
- St. Moritz: the famous resort in Engadin.
🏗️ Engineering masterpieces
- Helicoidal viaduct of Brusio: a perfect spiral 110 meters long.
- Tunnels and open-air stretches: a work that integrates into the alpine landscape.
- No rack: only adhesion, on slopes up to 7%.
💺 Types of carriages
- Panoramic carriages: giant windows for an immersive experience.
- Standard carriages: classic, with opening windows.
- Cabrio carriages (summer): without glass, ideal for enjoying fresh air and alpine scents.
🌸 Traveling through the seasons
- Spring: snow-covered mountains and blooming valleys.
- Summer: green landscapes and open carriages.
- Autumn: intense colors of foliage.
- Winter: fairy-tale snowy landscapes.
🧭 Useful tips
- Valid document to cross the border.
- Dressing in layers for temperature changes.
- Booking in advance especially during holiday periods.
🚗 How to get to Tirano
- By car: about 2h30min from Milan via Lecco and Sondrio.
- By train: Milan Central - Tirano line (Trenord).
Parking available near the Tirano station.
📌 Practical information
- Departure: Tirano Railway Station (SO)
- Arrival: St. Moritz Station
- Duration: about 2h30min
- Accessibility: train suitable for people with reduced mobility
- Official website: berninaexpress.ch